Kupanga ndi kusanthula kwa magawo awiri a gearbox ochepetsa
Ma gearbox ndi gawo lofunikira pamakina lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi amphepo.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupereka mphamvu yomwe imapangidwa ndi tayala la mphepo lomwe likuwongolera mphepo kuti ipange jenereta ndikupeza liwiro lolingana.
Kawirikawiri, liwiro la gudumu la mphepo ndi lochepa kwambiri, lomwe liri kutali ndi liwiro lofunika ndi jenereta kuti apange magetsi. Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Iyenera kuzindikirika ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro la gearbox gear pair. Chifukwa chake, bokosi la gear limatchedwanso kuti bokosi lokulitsa liwiro.
1. Introduction
Bokosi la gear limayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yochokera ku gudumu lamphepo ndi mphamvu yomwe imapangidwa panthawi yotumiza zida. Iyenera kukhala ndi kukhazikika kokwanira kuti ipirire mphamvu ndi torque kuti tipewe kusinthika ndikuwonetsetsa kufalikira. Mapangidwe a nyumba yama gearbox akuyenera kutengera masanjidwe, kukonza ndi kuphatikizika kwamagetsi opangira magetsi amphepo, ndikuwunika ndi kukonza kosavuta.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Ndikutukuka msanga kwa makina ama gearbox, mafakitale ochulukirachulukira ndi mabizinesi osiyanasiyana agwiritsa ntchito ma gearbox, ndipo mabizinesi ochulukirachulukira atukuka kwambiri pamakampani opanga ma gearbox.
Malingana ndi malingaliro apangidwe a mawonekedwe a chipangizocho, bokosi lamagetsi limachepetsa kwambiri mitundu yamagawo ndipo ndiloyenera kupanga kwakukulu komanso kusankha kosavuta komanso kosiyanasiyana. Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Zovala zokongoletsera za galasi lozungulira komanso zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zimatha zonse ndipo zimazimitsidwa ndi chitsulo chamtundu wapamwamba. Kuuma kwa dzino kumakhala mpaka 60 ± 2HRC, ndipo kulondola kwatsoka la mano ndikupita mpaka 5-6.
Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Magawo opatsirana ndi zida zodziwika bwino zapanyumba kapena zotuluka kunja, ndipo zisindikizo zimapangidwa ndi zisindikizo zamafuta a mafupa; mawonekedwe a thupi la wokamba nkhani, malo okulirapo a kabati ndi fani yayikulu; kukwera kwa kutentha ndi phokoso la makina onse kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kudalirika kwa ntchito kumatheka. Mphamvu yotumizira ikuwonjezeka. Parallel axis, orthogonal axis, ofukula ndi yopingasa universal bokosi akhoza anazindikira. Njira yolowera imaphatikizapo kulumikiza ma flange ndi shaft; shaft yotulutsa imatha kutulutsa pakona yakumanja kapena yopingasa, ndipo shaft yolimba ndi shaft yopanda kanthu ndi flange zilipo.
Shaft yotulutsa.
Bokosi la gear limatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za malo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo litha kuperekedwanso malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Voliyumu yake ndi 1/2 yaying'ono kuposa yochepetsera dzino lofewa, kulemera kwake kumachepetsedwa ndi theka, moyo wautumiki ukuwonjezeka ndi 3 ~ 4 nthawi, ndipo mphamvu yonyamula ikuwonjezeka ndi 8 ~ 10 nthawi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina osindikizira ndi kulongedza, zida za garage zitatu-dimensional, makina oteteza zachilengedwe, zida zoyendera, zida zamankhwala, zida zamigodi, zida zachitsulo, zida zosakaniza, makina omanga misewu, mafakitale a shuga, mphamvu yamphepo, ma escalator elevator drive, zombo zapamadzi, kuwala Kwamphamvu kwambiri, chiŵerengero chothamanga kwambiri, ntchito zamakokedwe apamwamba monga minda ya mafakitale, kupanga mapepala, mafakitale azitsulo, kuyeretsa zimbudzi, mafakitale a zomangamanga, makina okweza, mizere yotumizira, ndi mizere ya msonkhano. Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Zili ndi mtengo wabwino komanso zimagwirizana ndi zida zapakhomo.
2. Ntchito
Bokosilo lili ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:
1.Kuthamanga kochulukirapo ndiko kusintha kwa gearbox yomwe imasinthidwa nthawi zambiri.
2. Sinthani komwe kukuyendetsa. Mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito magiya awiri magawo kuti timagulu lamphamvu kupita linalo.
3. Sinthani nthawi yotembenuka. Pansi pa mphamvu zomwezo, magiya amatembenuka mwachangu, kocheperako chingwe chimalandidwa, ndipo mosinthika.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri.
4. Ntchito ya Clutch: Titha kulekanitsa injini ndi katundu mwalekanitsa magiya awiri oyambira. Monga ma brake clutches.
5. Gawani mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, titha kugwiritsa ntchito injini imodzi kuyendetsa zida zambiri za akapolo kudutsa shagbox yamagiya, potizindikira kugwira ntchito kwa injini imodzi kuyendetsa katundu wambiri.
3. Kupanga
Poyerekeza ndi ma gearbox ena ogulitsa mafakitale, chifukwa bokosi la giya lamphepo limayikidwa mu kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kali mamita makumi angapo kapena mamita oposa zana kuchokera pansi, mphamvu yake ndi kulemera kwa kanyumba, nsanja, maziko, mphepo yamkuntho. katundu, unsembe ndi kukonza Mitengo ndi zina zotero zimakhudza kwambiri, choncho nkofunika kuchepetsa kukula ndi kulemera.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino komanso mtengo wokonzekera bwino, moyo wa mapangidwe a gearbox nthawi zambiri umayenera kukhala zaka 20, ndipo zofunikira zodalirika zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa kukula ndi kulemera ndi kudalirika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosemphana zosagwirizana, mapangidwe ndi kupanga ma gearbox a turbine gearbox nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mavuto. Gawo lonse la mapangidwe liyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kudalirika ndi moyo wogwira ntchito, ndikufanizira ndi kukhathamiritsa dongosolo lopatsirana ndi kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yocheperako komanso kulemera kochepera monga chandamale; mapangidwe apangidwe ayenera kukumana ndi mphamvu zotumizira ndi zolepheretsa malo, ndipo ganizirani momwe zimakhalira zosavuta momwe zingathere. Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Odalirika ntchito ndi kukonza yabwino; onetsetsani kuti zinthu zili bwino pagawo lililonse lazinthu zopangira; pogwira ntchito, momwe ma gearbox amagwirira ntchito (kutentha, kugwedezeka, kutentha kwamafuta ndi kusintha kwamtundu, ndi zina) ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa munthawi yeniyeni ndikusungidwa pafupipafupi malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa.
Popeza liwiro la mzere wa nsonga singakhale wokwera kwambiri, liwiro lolowera mu bokosi la gear limachepa pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonjezeka kwa gawo limodzi, ndipo liwiro la unit pamwamba pa MW nthawi zambiri siliposa 20r/min. Komano, liwiro oveteredwa wa jenereta zambiri 1500 kapena 1800r/mphindi, kotero liwiro chiŵerengero cha gearbox lalikulu mphamvu yamphepo kukula zambiri mozungulira 75 ~ 100. Pofuna kuchepetsa buku la gearbox, mphepo mphamvu kufala bokosi pamwamba 500kw zambiri utenga mphamvu kugawanika mapulaneti kufala; dongosolo wamba 500kw ~ 1000kw ali misinkhu iwiri yofanana olamulira + 1 pulaneti ndi 1 ofanana kutsinde + 2 kufala mapulaneti. Bokosi la giya la megawati limatenga mawonekedwe a 2-stage parallel shaft +1 mapulaneti opatsirana. Chifukwa chazovuta kwambiri zotengera mapulaneti komanso zovuta pakukonza magiya akuluakulu amkati, mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale ndi magawo a 2 kufalikira kwa mapulaneti, kutumiza kwa NW ndikofala kwambiri.
4. Ukadaulo wopanga
Zida zakunja za bokosi lamagetsi lamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimatenga njira yofiyira ndi kuzimitsa. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa makina opangira zida zamphamvu kwambiri komanso olondola kwambiri a CNC kupanga zida zapadziko lonse lapansi kwapangitsa kuti zida zathu zakunja zisakhale zosiyana kwambiri ndi zamayiko akunja. Palibe chovuta kukwaniritsa ukadaulo wolondola wa 5-level wofotokozedwa ndi mulingo wa 19073 ndi mulingo wa 6006. Komabe, pali mipata pakati pa luso latsogoleli la China mu ulamuliro kutentha mapindikidwe ulamuliro, ogwira wosanjikiza kulamulira kuya, dzino pamwamba akupera kulamulira tempering, ndi zida mano kupanga luso.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa mphete yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi komanso makulidwe apamwamba kwambiri, ukadaulo wopanga zida zamkati zamkati ku China ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi gulu lapamwamba lapadziko lonse, lomwe limawonetsedwa pakupanga magiya ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kuwongolera kuwongolera kwa zida zamagetsi zamkati.
Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Kulondola kwa makina am'mapangidwe monga bokosi la bokosi, chonyamulira mapulaneti ndi shaft yolowera kumakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe a ma meshing a magiya komanso moyo wonyamula. Ubwino wa msonkhanowu umatsimikiziranso kutalika kwa bokosi la giya lamphepo komanso kudalirika. . China wazindikira kufunika kwa processing ndi msonkhano mwatsatanetsatane wa zigawo structural kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa mlingo wa zida ndi mlingo patsogolo mayiko akunja. Kupeza ma gearbox apamwamba kwambiri, odalirika kwambiri, kuphatikiza paukadaulo wapamwamba wamapangidwe ndi zida zofunikira zopangira zida, sikungasiyanitsidwe ndi kuwongolera kokhazikika pamagawo onse opanga. Muyezo wa 6006 umapereka malamulo okhwima komanso atsatanetsatane otsimikizira zamtundu wa gearbox.
5. Kupaka mafuta
Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizanso kudzoza kwamafuta a giya, kudzoza kwamafuta a semi-fluid, ndi mafuta olimba amafuta. Kuti musindikize bwino, kuthamanga kwambiri, katundu wambiri, ntchito yabwino yosindikiza ikhoza kupakidwa ndi mafuta a gear; posindikiza bwino, liwiro lotsika limatha kupakidwa mafuta a semi-fluid; kwa mafuta opanda mafuta kapena kutentha kwambiri mafuta a Molybdenum sulfide superfine ufa.
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta la gearbox ndilofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa gearbox. Bokosi lalikulu la turbine lamphepo liyenera kukhala ndi njira yodalirika yolimbikitsira mafuta kuti ibayire mafuta kumalo a meshing ndi mayendedwe. Chifukwa cha kulephera kwa gearbox, kusowa kwa mafuta kumakhala kopitilira theka. Kutentha kwamafuta odzola kumakhudzana ndi kutopa kwazinthu komanso moyo wonse wadongosolo.Mapangidwe ndi kusanthula kwa gearbox yochepetsera magawo awiri. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwakukulu kwamafuta a bokosi la gear sikuyenera kupitirira 80 ° C panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, ndipo kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa mayendedwe osiyanasiyana sikuyenera kupitirira 15 ° C. Kutentha kwamafuta kukakwera kuposa 65 ° C, njira yozizirira imayamba kugwira ntchito; pamene kutentha kwa mafuta kuli kotsika kuposa 10 °C, mafutawo amayenera kutenthedwa mpaka kutentha komwe adakonzeratu ndikuyatsa.
M'chilimwe, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yamtundu wa turbine ya mphepo, kuphatikizapo kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha kwa mafuta kumakwera pamwamba pa mtengo wokhazikitsidwa; pamene m'nyengo yozizira kumpoto chakum'mawa, kutentha kochepa kumafika pansi pa 30 °C, mafuta. Mafuta opaka mupaipi sakhala osalala, magiya ndi mayendedwe sakhala ndi mafuta okwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bokosi la gear liyime pakutentha kwambiri, pamwamba pa mano ndi kubereka kwatha, komanso kutentha pang'ono kumawonjezeranso kukhuthala kwamafuta a gearbox. Pampu yamafuta ikayamba, katundu amakhala wolemetsa ndipo injini yapampu imadzaza. .
Mafuta a Gearbox ali ndi kutentha koyenera kuti agwire ntchito. Ndibwino kuti mupange makina opangira mafuta opangira mafuta a gearbox: kutentha kukakhala kopitilira mtengo wina, njira yozizira imayamba kugwira ntchito. Kutentha kukakhala kochepa kuposa mtengo wina, makina otenthetsera amayamba kugwira ntchito. Nthawi zonse sungani kutentha m'malo oyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwongolera mtundu wamafuta opaka mafuta ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa pamakina opaka mafuta. Mafuta opangira mafuta ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ndipo kafukufuku wokhudza mafuta opaka mafuta ayenera kulimbikitsidwa.
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