Mphamvu ya SEW imagona m'miyeso yaying'ono komanso yayikulu. Bokosi lamphamvu lolemetsa lidapangidwa kuchokera ku Santasalo ku Finland, poyambirira pansi pa dzina la SEW-santasalo.
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1931, SEW Gulu ili ku Bruchsal, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Ndi gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yamagalimoto, zopumira komanso zida zamagetsi zosinthira. Ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi, SEW Gulu ndiwopamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso kampani yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yotsatsa malonda padziko lonse lapansi. Pokhala ndi malo opangira 10, malo osonkhanira 58 ndi maofesi oposa 200 akugulitsa ndi mautumiki padziko lonse lapansi, ili m'maiko asanu ndipo pafupifupi mayiko onse otukuka. Itha kupereka mwachangu komanso moyenera zogulitsa zapamwamba komanso zabwino kwa makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi. ntchito.
Kuyambira ku China mu 1995, SEW yapeza bwino kwambiri. Idakhazikitsa malo opangira zida zam'mizinda ndi Tianjin, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Shenyang ndi madera ena. Ikufotokoza zamafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi mapulojekiti ofunikira amtundu wonse, ndipo apita patsogolo pakukonzaukadaulo waukatswiri wama China wopatsira magetsi. Zothandiza kwambiri.
Santasalo limapachika mtundu wa SEW chifukwa sikokwanira kungoikweza ku China. Mu 1999, idasainirana mgwirizano ndi SEW. SEW ndi amene ayenera kulimbikitsa ntchito zake, ndipo ayenera kusaina logo. Pambuyo pake, mgwirizano pakati pa makampani awiriwa udasokonekera. Chotsitsa chachikulu cha mafakitale monga mndandanda wa M chidagulidwa ndi SEW kupita ku santasalo. Zogulitsa zopimira m'mafakitale zimagawidwa m M, MC, ML.
Magawo pa motor nameplate:
1. Nambala yazogulitsa kapena chizindikiritso cha wopanga.
Ma loge-mu motors omwe adavotera 750 W (kapena VA) ndi pansi, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ali kunja kwa mndandanda wa GB / T 4772 komanso mapulogalamu apadera okhala ndi 3 kW (kapena kVA) ndi pansipa. . Nthawi zina, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kulembedwa mpaka kalekale. Zinthu izi siziyenera kukhala zolembedwa patsamba lomweli.
Chidziwitso: Chizindikiro chosavuta chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira mtundu uliwonse wamagalimoto, omwe amapangidwa mumagetsi amodzi ndi makina amodzi komanso machitidwe omwewo pa batani iliyonse.
2. Dziwani zambiri za chaka chopanga. Izi ziyenera kulembedwa pamakalata kapena kuti zilembedwe papepala losiyana kuti lipatsidwe kwa wosuta ndi mota.
Chidziwitso: Izi zitha kupezeka kuchokera kwa wopanga ngati zomwe zafotokozedwazo zikulembedwedwa patsamba 2, ndipo zingathenso kuzisiyidwa kuchokera kumapepala osindikizira.
3. Kukula kwamphamvu ndi malire kapena kutentha kwa malire kapena kutalika kwa kutentha (ngati kuli kotsika poyerekeza ndi mafuta), ngati kuli kofunikira, galimoto yokhala ndi madzi ofooka amadziwikanso ndi kukwera kwa kutentha komwe kumayesedwa ndi pulayimale yoyambira kapena yachiwiri yozizira. Zilembo za "P" (pulayimale) kapena "S" (sekondale) zikuwonetsedwa. Ngati stator ndi rotor imakhala yolumikizidwa mosiyanasiyana, iyenera kuwonetsedwa mosiyana (kulekanitsidwa ndi mizere ya diagonal).
Mawonekedwe:
SEW zoyeserera motors zakonzedwa pamaziko a modular system yamagalimoto osiyanasiyana ophatikizira, malo okwera ndi mayankho amachitidwe. Dongosolo lophatikizira la SEW limalola kuti gawo lamagetsi liphatikizidwe ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- wophatikizidwa ndi galimoto yosinthasintha gawo pamgalimoto yotsitsa servo;
Kuphatikiza ndi malo owopsa ogwiritsa ntchito AC squirrel cage motor;
- kuphatikiza ndi galimoto yamakono;
Zisamaliro:
1. Kuti tikwaniritse kuthamanga kwambiri, timatha kuzindikira njira yolumikizira zida ziwiri zamagetsi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yotumizira, mphamvu yamagalimoto osasinthika amayenera kudalira mtedza womaliza wa woperekera, ndipo chingwe cholumikizira sichingawerengeredwe kuchokera pa magetsi.
2. Mukakhazikitsa magawo oponya pa SEW shaft yotulutsa, siyiloledwa kugunda ndi nyundo. Nthawi zambiri, nsapato zamkati za msuzi wa msonkhano ndikugwirira ntchito kutsinikiza magawo ndikutulutsa mabatani, apo ayi mbali zamkati mwa zopondazo zitha kuwonongeka. Ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito chophatikizira chachitsulo. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa kosayenera kwa kuphatikiza kwamtunduwu, katundu wakunja wosafunikira angayambike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwonongeka koyambirira kubwereke komanso kuwonongeka kwa shaft yotulutsa mu milandu yoopsa.
3. SEW reducer iyenera kukhazikika pazokhazikika pamaziko kapena maziko. Mafuta okhala mumkodzo wamafuta amayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuzungulira kozizira kuyenera kukhala kosalala. Maziko ndi osadalirika, amachititsa kugwedezeka ndi phokoso pakugwira ntchito ndikupangitsa kuwonongeka kwa ma beile ndi magiya. Ngati kuphatikiza kotumukira kumakhala ndi ma protrusion kapena magiya ndi ma transrocket transmit, iyenera kuganiziridwa kuti ikukhazikitsa chida choteteza. Shaft yotulutsa ikapatsidwa gawo lalikulu la radial, mtundu wolimbitsira umayenera kusankhidwa.
4. Malinga ndi chipangizo chokhazikitsidwa, olemba ndodo amatha kupita mosavuta pa chizindikiritso cha mafuta, pulagi yolowera ndi kukhetsa pulagi. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, malo olondola akuyenera kuwunika moyenera, ndikutsimikizira kuti chosungira chilichonse chiyenera kuzungulira pambuyo pake. Yotsitsa imasungidwa ndikuthira mafuta mu dziwe lamafuta. Asanayambe kugwira ntchito, wogwiritsa ntchito amafunika kuchotsa cholembera cha dzenje lakutsogolo ndikusintha ndi pulagi yolowera. Malinga ndi malo osiyanasiyana, ndikutsegulanso chopukutira cha mafuta kuti muwone kutalika kwa mzere wamafuta, kukwera kuchokera ku pulagi yamafuta mpaka mafuta atasefukira kuchokera ku mulingo wamafuta oyika mafuta, kenako ndikani pulagi yamafuta kuti mupange mukuwona kuti ndi zolondola musanachotse mayeso pa mayeso sikhala osachepera maola 2. Opaleshoniyo iyenera kukhala yokhazikika, yopanda mphamvu, kugwedeza, phokoso ndi kutayikira kwa mafuta. Ngati zotupa zapezeka, ziyenera kuchotsedwa pakapita nthawi. Pakapita nthawi, mafuta ayenera kufufuzanso kuti asatayike. Ngati matenthedwe ochulukirapo ndi ochulukirapo kapena otsika kwambiri, magawo a mafuta opaka amatha kusinthidwa.
kuyika:
1. SEW reducer ndi kulumikiza makina ogwiritsira ntchito SEW reducer imayikidwa mwachindunji pamakina ogwirira ntchito. Pomwe mphamvu ya SEW ikuyenda, chingwe chogwirizira chomwe chikugwirira ntchito SEW yochepetsera zida yaikidwa pa thupi lamagetsi la SEW. Mabaki amakhala ndi njira zina. Makinawa amagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndipo kumapeto kwake kumaphatikizidwa ndi bulaketi yokhazikika.
2. Kukhazikitsa bulaketi yotsutsa-torque Anti-torque bracket iyenera kuyikika mbali ya makina ogwiritsira ntchito moyang'anizana ndi chosinthira kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka kwakanthawi kolowera kumakina opangira. Kutsitsa kwa bulacket ya anti-torque ndi malekezero onyamula olumikizana kumagwiritsa ntchito thupi lotanuka ngati mphira kuti lisawonongeke komanso kuyamwa chingwe cha torque.
3. Chiyanjano pakati pa SEW minimer ndi SEW makina ogwiritsira ntchito Kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kwa shaft yofunika shaft ndi mphamvu yowonjezerapo pamagetsi yotsitsa, mtunda pakati pa SEW minimer ndi makina ogwirira ntchito uyenera kukhala pansi pazomwe umachita osakhudza ntchito wamba. Zochepa momwe mungathere, mtengo wake ndi 5-10mm.
Onani kukonza:
Wotsitsira yemwe wangobweretsa kumene uja wapakidwa mafuta a L-CKC100-L-CKC220 apanikizika ndi mafakitala amagetsi ochita kupanga ku GB / T5903 pafakitale. Pambuyo pakugwira ntchito kwa maola 200-300, kusintha koyamba kwa mafuta kuyenera kuchitika kuti pambuyo pake kugwiritsenso ntchito. Ubwino wamafuta uyenera kufufuzidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo mafuta osakanikirana ndi zosafunika kapena kuwonongeka ayenera kusinthidwa munthawi. Nthawi zina, kwa SEW minimers omwe amagwira ntchito mosalekeza, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta atsopano ndi maola 5000 kapena kamodzi pachaka. Bokosi lamagetsi lomwe lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali liyenera kulowa m'malo mwa kuyimitsanso mafuta atsopano asanakonzenso. Iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mafuta omwewo ngati kalasi yoyambayo. Siphatikizidwe ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana. Mafuta okhala ndi gawo limodzi komanso mamasukidwe osiyanasiyana amaloledwa kusakaniza. Mukamasintha mafuta, dikirani kuti madziwo azizizirirapo osayaka, koma osakhalabe otentha, chifukwa kutazizira kokwanira, mawonekedwe a mafuta amawonjezeka ndipo zimavuta kukhetsa. Chidziwitso: Yatsani magetsi othandizira kuti musagwire magetsi osadziwa! Pa nthawi ya ntchito, kutentha kwa mafuta kukadzaposa 80 ° C kapena kutentha kwa dziwe la mafuta kupitirira 100 ° C ndipo phokoso losafunikira lipangidwe, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito. Chongani chomwe chikuyambitsa, chotsani cholakwacho, ndikusintha mafuta musanapitilize kugwira ntchito. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adzakhala ndi malamulo oyenera ogwiritsira ntchito ndikukonza, ndipo adzalemba mosamala magwiridwe antchito a wopeputsira komanso mavuto omwe amapezeka pakuwunika. Zomwe zili pamwambazi zidzakwaniritsidwa. 5. Kusankha Mafuta Othandizira Ophatikizira SEW ayenera kudzazidwa ndi mafuta opaka a mamasukidwe oyenera asanayambe ntchito. Mkangano pakati pamagiya uyenera kuchepetsedwa. Pankhani ya katundu wambiri komanso mphamvu zomwe zimakhudza katundu, wopeputsira amatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito koyamba maola pafupifupi 200, mafuta oyikirawa amayenera kuthiridwa, kutsitsiridwa, kenako ndikuwonjezedwanso mwatsopano mafuta pakatikati pa muyeso wa mafuta. Ngati mulingo wamafuta kwambiri kapena wotsika kwambiri, matenthedwe othandizira amatha kukhala osaneneka.
Chowongolera ndi gawo losiyana lophatikizidwa ndi galimoto yamagalimoto, chowongolera ma drive, ndi drive-worm yomwe yatsekedwa m'nyumba yovuta. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gear yochepetsera pakati pa chozungulira chachikulu ndi makina ogwira ntchito. Ntchito yofananira liwiro lozungulira ndi kufalitsa zounikira pakati pa mover wamkulu ndi makina ogwirira ntchito kapena makina othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amakono.
Makina othamanga amayendetsa gawo lofananira ndi liwiro losunthika ndikutumiza torque pakati pa mover mover ndi makina ogwira ntchito kapena othandizira, ndipo ndi makina olondola kwambiri. Cholinga chakugwiritsa ntchito ndikuchepetsa liwiro ndikuwonjezera torque. Ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito. Pali mitundu yambiri yamagetsi. Malinga ndi mtundu wa kufalitsa, atha kugawidwa m'magulu ochepetsa, zida zopumira ndi zoletsa zamagetsi zapadziko lapansi. Malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana oyendetsa, amatha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri komanso magawo ochepetsa. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a magiya, amatha kugawidwa m'miyala yama cylindrical. , bevel gear minimer ndi cone-cylindrical gear gear; malingana ndi kufala kwa magawidwe amatha kugawidwa ndikukula, kugawanitsa ndi coaxial minimer.
zotsatira
1. Chepetsani kuthamanga ndikuwonjezera torque yotulutsa nthawi yomweyo. Chiwerengero cha torque chikuchulukitsidwa ndikuwonjezereka ndi kuwongolera kwa mota, koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti torque yoyimira yotsitsa siyingadutse.
2. Kunyengerera kumathandizanso kuchepa kwa katundu, ndikuchepetsa kwa inertia ndi gawo lalikulu la kuchepetsa.
Chowongolera ndi chipangizo chofalikira pamakina ambiri azachuma. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi makampaniwa ndizophatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi, zida zamagetsi zakuthambo ndi zopondera mphutsi, komanso zida zapadera zotumizira, monga zida zowonjezera kuthamanga ndi kuwongolera liwiro. Zipangizo, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yophatikizira kuphatikiza kuphatikiza kotumizidwa. Munda wamalonda wopanga zinthu umakhala wachitsulo, zitsulo zosapereka, malasha, zida zomanga, zombo, malo osungira madzi, magetsi amagetsi, makina othandizira ndi mafakitale a petrochemical.
Tanthauzo la nameplate yamagalimoto
1) Gwiritsani ntchito kulumikizana kwa delta pomwe magetsi akuyika ndi 220-240 volts;
2) Njira yolumikizira nyenyezi pomwe voliyumu yoyendetsera ndi 380-415 volts;
3) Makulidwe owonjezera ndi 50 Hz yolingana ndi kuthamanga kwa 1410 rev / min;
4) S1 ndiyogwira ntchito mosalekeza, ndiye kuti, mota imatha kutsimikizira kupitiliza kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali pansi pamikhalidwe yoyesedwa yomwe imatchulidwa pameplate.
Magawo a Nameplate
Ma data nameplate zamagalimoto
Model: Imayimira nambala yamalonda a mndandanda, magwiridwe, chitetezo kapangidwe ndi mtundu wa mota.
Mphamvu: Iwonetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi pamunsi shaft yamagetsi pamtunda wowongolera, mu KW kapena HP, 1HP = 0.736KW.
Voltage: Mphamvu yamagalimoto (V) yopita molunjika ku stator yamphepo. Galimoto ili ndi maulumikizidwe awiri, Y-mawonekedwe ndi △ -wokhazikika. Kulumikizanaku kuyenera kuyenderana ndi kulumikizidwa komwe kumanenedwa pama mota nameplate kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwirizana ndi ma volated voltage.
Zomwe zilipo: Mzere wa magawo atatu apa wa stator womwe ukuchepera mphamvu yamagetsi ndikuvotera pafupipafupi kwa mota ndi mphamvu yamagetsi.
Kuyenda pafupipafupi: kumatanthauza zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi za AC zolumikizidwa ku mota. Amatchulidwa kuti 50HZ ± 1 ku China.
Kuthamanga: Liwiro lovomerezeka, kusanja kovunda, kuchuluka kwa galimoto, liwiro lagalimoto mphindi (r / min); liwiro lozungulira la 2-pole motor ndi 3000r / min.
Chiwonetsero cha ntchito: amatanthauza nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito yamagalimoto.
Kalasi ya insulation: Gawo lazinthu zoyeserera zamagetsi ndizomwe zimatsimikizira kutentha kwamoto kwagalimoto.
Nambala yovomerezeka: ikuwonetsa zolemba zapamwamba pakapangidwe kamoto.
Mphamvu yamagetsi: amatanthauza mphamvu yamagetsi (V) yamagetsi yamagetsi pamtunda wowongolera.
Kusintha kwanyengo: kumatanthauza kupendekera komweko (A) kwa injini yolumikizira nthawi yoyenda.
Chidziwitso chapadera: Chiwerengero cha zigawo za maginito pa Nameplate ya mota yamagulu ambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo yamphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imawerengera kuthamanga kwazungulira, kotero gawani pawiri ndikuwerengera mu formula.
(Dongosolo lotsatirali limalembedwa pa nameplate ya mota wa AC asynchronous ndipo tanthauzo lake limafotokozedwa motere:
(1) Mphamvu Yovotera (P): ndi mphamvu yotulutsa pa shaft yamagalimoto.
(2) Mphamvu yamagetsi: amatanthauza mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwomba.
(3) Zovota zaposachedwa;
(4) Chiwerengero chotsutsa (r / min): Chiwerengero cha zinthu zosinthidwa pamtengo wovomerezeka.
(5) Kutentha kwamatenthedwe: amatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa kutenthedwa ndi kwakukulu kuposa kutentha kwa yozungulira.
(6) Kugwira ntchito: njira yololeredwa ndi mota.
(7) Kulumikiza kwa chimphepo: Δ kapena cholumikizira cha Y, chogwirizana ndi voliyumu yamagetsi.
1. Model: mwachitsanzo, "Y" mu Y112M-4 amatanthauza Y angapo squirrel-cage asynchronous motor (YR imatanthawuza mabala olimbitsa thupi ascochronous motor), "112" amatanthauza kutalika kwa mota ndi 112mm, "M" amatanthauza base base (L) Chizindikiro cha malo atali, S chikuwonetsa maziko ofupikira), ndipo "4" ikuwonetsa mota yama 4.
Mitundu ina yamagalimoto imakhala ndi nambala yotsatira nambala ya chimango, yomwe imayimira nambala yachitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, "2" kumbuyo kwa S mu mtundu wa Y132S2-2 ikuwonetsa kuti pakati pazitsulo ndi yayitali (1 kutalika kwa pakati pazitsulo).
2. Mphamvu yoyeserera:
Galimoto ikamayendetsedwa pansi, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imatha kutulutsa pachitsulo chake imatchedwa mphamvu yoyeserera.
3, liwiro lake:
Liwiro lomwe makinawo amagwiridwira ntchito pansi pamayeso amadziwika kuti liwiro.
4, volated voliyumu:
Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yofunikira mphamvu yamagetsi kuti idzagwiritsidwe ntchito pa stator yotsitsa yagalimoto pansi pamayendedwe ovomerezeka. Y mndandanda wa Y motota adavotera 380V. Kwa ma motors okhala ndi mphamvu yochepera 3 kW, ma stator windings onse ndi opanga nyenyezi, ndipo zoposa 4 kW ndizolumikizana patatu.
5, zomwe zidavotera pano:
Mota ikavotera voliyumu ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi ikutuluka pachitsulo chake, mtengo wa mzere womwe ukukokedwa ndi stator kuchokera kumphamvu yamagetsi umatchedwa kuti wamtundu wapano.
6, kutentha kukwera (kapena msinga):
Zimatanthauzira kutentha kwa mota pamwamba pa kutentha.
Mitundu yamagalimoto apanyumba nthawi zambiri imayimiriridwa ndi manambala achiarabu a zilembo zazikulu zapachi China zapamwamba. Mtunduwo ndi: gawo loyamba limagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zapamwamba za pinyin posonyeza nambala yazogulitsa, gawo lachiwiri limagwiritsa ntchito manambala achiarabu kuti afotokozere nambala ya kapangidwe kake, ndipo gawo lachitatu limagwiritsa ntchito manambala achiarabu posonyeza nambala ya makina. Code block, gawo lachinayi limagwiritsa ntchito manambala achiarabu kuti azisonyeza kutalika kwa gawo lankhondo.
Kutanthauzira kwa Nameplate: Pambuyo poti malonda ayikidwa pamsika, amangoikidwa pamalowo kuti apatse wogwiritsa ntchito dzina la nameplate la chizindikiritso cha wopanga, kusiyana kwa mtundu, magawo azogulitsa ndi zina zambiri. Nameplate imatchulidwanso chizindikiro. Nameplate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kujambulitsa zina mwatsatanetsatane za wopanga ndi zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera popanda kuwononga zida. Zipangizo zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga nameplate ndizitsulo komanso zopanda chitsulo. Chitsulo ndi zinc alloy, mkuwa, chitsulo, zitsulo zotayidwa, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zina zotere, koma zimapangidwa makamaka ndi aluminiyamu, chifukwa nameplate yokonzedweratu imakhala yotsika komanso yolimba. Sichichita dzimbiri. Zida zopanda zitsulo zimaphatikizapo mapulasitiki, matabwa okhala ndi akiliriki, PVC, PC, ndi pepala.
Nameplates ndi eneplates okhala ndi timapepala tokhala ngati timindata tosungunuka. Pafupipafupi wa concep nameplate, utoto womwe umadzazidwa ndi utoto wambiri. Njira yopaka penti ndi kujambula kutsogolo kwa nameplate, kenako ndikuchotsa utoto pafonteni kapena pateni kuti muwonetse chitsulo kapena mizere ya pateni. Nameplate yapamwamba yapamwamba kwambiri imangodzipaka ndi varnish yophika, kapena utoto pokha kapena wokutira ndi varnish wowonekera, kutengera zomwe zikufunika. Nameplate yafulati imapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zakuthambo za aluminium. Utoto pamwamba si utoto, koma utoto wopakidwa ndi anodizing. Malinga ndi ndondomekoyi, imatha kukhala ya monochrome kapena 2-3. wa. Nameplate lathyathyathya ili ndi ntchito yambiri yokongoletsa ndipo ndiyotsika mtengo. Ena ali ndi chikuto chosowa nameplate, utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi inki
Khadi lokuluza golide: Mtundu wa kakhadiwo sunachedwe, ndipo kumtunda kwa khadi kumayamba kuzimiririka ndikutha. Khadi lenileni lagolide linali golide nthawi imeneyo, ndipo lidataya mtundu wake wagolide weniweni kwa nthawi yayitali. Khadi la golide la Electrophoresis: Wopangidwa ndi ukadaulo waposachedwa, mtundu wake uli ngati zipatso ngati golide. Ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera okhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamachulukitsidwa komanso kopambana. Ndipo imatha kusunga zinthuzo siziziralira.
